Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Jung Hoon Lee

18 Articles

Development of the Korean Form of Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale.: Jung Hoon Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1995;12(2):292-305. Published online December 31, 1995; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1995.12.2.292

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This study was carried out to develop a Korean language version of Zung's self-rating depression scale (SDS). The subjects consisted of 173 males and 161 females drawn from various groups of the general population by a cluster of sampling methods. In order to analyze the data on depression scores, Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient method was carried .out, as well as reliability and factor analysis, by the SPSS/PC+ program. The results obtained were as follows: The mean average of the total depression scores were 40.60. 8.66 for the subjects. Thirty-seven subjects (11.1%) showed high depression scores of 50 or over. Test-retest reliability(coefficient r=0.82, p <0.001), internal consistency(coefficient r=0.84, p <0.001) were satisfactory. Factor analysis using oblique technique rotation yielded five factors. The items of confusion, indecisiveness, decreased libido, diurnal variation, and psychomotor retardation were scored higher by the subjects. The items of suicidal rumination, psychomotor agitation, constipation, irritability, and weight loss were scored lower.

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Clinical and Psychological Characteristics of Young Men with Military Adaptation Issues Referred for a Psychiatric Evaluation in South Korea: Latent Profile Analysis of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 and Temperament and Character Inventory
Ah Young Lim, Su Mi Park, Eunbin Shin, Jun-Young Lee, Jung-Seok Choi, Hee-Yeon Jung
Psychiatry Investigation.2021; 18(1): 19. CrossRef
Effects of Therapeutic Massage and Home Exercise Program on Pain, Range of Motion, Depression, and Quality of Life after Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair
Young-Min Lee, Jung-Won Kwon
The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy.2021; 33(2): 114. CrossRef
Depression Symptoms Mediate Mismatch Between Perceived Severity of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Preventive Motives
Jiwon Park, Seungmin Lee, Sunhae Sul, Dongil Chung
Frontiers in Psychology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
The Relationship among the Number of Teeth, Salivary Flow Rate, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life, and Depression in the Elderly Population in Korea
JooHee Lee, Hyo-Jung Jung, Yong-Guang Min, Hyung-Joon Ahn
Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain.2021; 46(4): 131. CrossRef
Changes in psychological health, subjective food intake ability and oral health‐related quality of life during orthodontic treatment
S.‐H. Choi, J.‐Y. Cha, K.‐J. Lee, H.‐S. Yu, C.‐J. Hwang
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation.2017; 44(11): 860. CrossRef
Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of the Lifetime Stressor Checklist-Revised in Psychiatric Outpatients with Anxiety or Depressive Disorders
Kang Rok Choi, Daeho Kim, Eun Young Jang, Hwallip Bae, Seok Hyeon Kim
Yonsei Medical Journal.2017; 58(1): 226. CrossRef
Evaluation of a self‐efficacy enhancement program to prevent pressure ulcers in patients with a spinal cord injury
Jung Yoon Kim, Eunhee Cho
Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2017; 14(1): 76. CrossRef
Desensitization of Triggers and Urge Reprocessing for Pathological Gambling: A Case Series
Hwallip Bae, Changwoo Han, Daeho Kim
Journal of Gambling Studies.2015; 31(1): 331. CrossRef
Influencing factors on anxiety and depression before and after dental prosthetic treatment in the patients
Sun-Hwa Kwon, Han-Gon Kim
Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene.2015; 15(5): 777. CrossRef
Lifetime Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts in a Korean Community Sample
Tarique Rajasaheb Bagalkot, Jong-Il Park, Hyeong-Tai Kim, Hyun-Min Kim, Myung Sig Kim, Myeong-Sook Yoon, Sung-Hee Ko, Hye-Chung Cho, Young-Chul Chung
Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes.2014; 77(4): 360. CrossRef
The Factors that affect the Health Promoting Behaviors of Middle-aged Workers between Type D and Non-type D Personality
Eun Ju Lim, Jun Hee Noh, Seung Eun Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2013; 22(1): 47. CrossRef
Development of the Scale of Strategies for Enhancing Self-Esteem among Medical School Students
Jin-Ju Kim, Eun-Young Jang, Yong-Chon Park
Korean Journal of Medical Education.2013; 25(2): 89. CrossRef
Effects of a Stress Relief Program on Burden, Anxiety, Depression, and Stress Response in Family Members of Patients with Mental Illness
Gongju Chai, Unsuk Nam, Dohwa Byun
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2013; 22(1): 1. CrossRef
Predictors and Longitudinal Changes of Depression and Anxiety among Medical College Students
Hyun-Ji Lee, Eun-Young Jang, Yong-Chon Park, Daeho Kim
Korean Journal of Medical Education.2013; 25(2): 101. CrossRef
Screening for Depression in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review
Yong Il Hwang, Hyun Jung Kim, Wang Youn Won, Joon Sung Joh, Yeon-Mok Oh, Ki-Suck Jung, Sang-Do Lee
Korean Journal of Medicine.2012; 83(4): 468. CrossRef
Activity of Daily Living, Interpersonal Relationship, Depression and Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with Hand Microsurgery
Moon-Hee Gang, Soon-Young Yoon, Myoung-Jin Kwon
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2011; 20(3): 289. CrossRef

A Study of Depression in Positive and Negative Schizaphrenics.: Jung Hoon Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1994;11(2):338-351. Published online December 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1994.11.2.338

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Abstract PDF: This study was to find out whether there were differences in the levels of depressions between positive and negative schizophrenics. This research was derived from the fact that negative schizophrenics show higher levels of depression than positive schizophrenics. This study also examined the levels of psychomotor dysfunction in positive and negative schizophrenics. For this study, there were 453 subjects. They consisted of 119 positive schizophrenics, 122 negative schizophrenics and 212 normal people. They were asked to complete Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS) and to perform one subtest, Digit Symbol of KWIS(Korean Wechsler Intelligence SCALE). Subjects levels of depression were measured by the SDS. The level of psychomotor dysfunction was measured by Digit Symbol subtest of Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale. ANOVA and Duncan's multiple comparison analysis were used to examine whether there were differences of depression and psychomotor dysfunction among the normal people, positive and negative schizophrenics. The results were as follows ; It was found that the depression level was higher in the negative schizophrenic patients than positive schizophrenic patients. Levels of depression were significantly higher in negative schizophrenics than positive schizophrenics. Psychomotor retardation symptom was the most effective variable that discriminates between the normals and the schizophrenics. And it would be concluded that the psychomotor dysfunction was more severe in negative schizophrenics than positive schizophrenics.

A study of extraversion-introversion as a dimension of personality in schizophrenics.: Jung Hoon Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1993;10(2):338-344. Published online December 31, 1993; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1993.10.2.338

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the trait cortical arousal level, measured by extraversion-introversion, in schizophrenics. Subjects in this study were 231 (chronic schizophrenics= 78, acute schizophrenics= 62, and normal persons= 91). All subjects were asked to respond to extraversion-introversion subtest scale in the korean EPQ(Korean Version Eysenck Personality Questionnaire). Collected data were analyzed by using the. t-test and one-way analysis of variance. Results were as follows: 1) Trait cortical arousal level of chronic schizophrenics, which was measured by extraversion-introversion subtest scale in the Korean EPQ, was statistically higher than that. of. acute schizophrenics and normals. 2) Acute schizophrenics and normals were not significantly different in the trait cortical arousal level. However, the trait cortical arousal level of chronic schizophrenics was higher than that of acute schizophrenics. Therefore, it may state that the trait cortical arousal level of schizophrenics is getting higher when schizophrenic symptoms become more chronic.

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A Study on Personality Traits and Cognitive Characteristics of the Sasang Constitution using Neuropsychological and Personality Tests
Munsu Kang, Gyung Yu, Lakhyung Kim
Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry.2015; 26(2): 131. CrossRef

A study on discriminant function of psychoticism in schizophrenics.: Jung Hoon Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1993;10(1):48-57. Published online June 30, 1993; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1993.10.1.48

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of personality dimensions of schizophrenics. Subjects in this study were 71 chronic schizophrenics, 59 acute schizophrenics. and 87 normal persons. All subjects was asked to respond to EPQ(Korean Version Eysenck Personality Questionnaire). Collected data were analyzed by using the statistical techniques of discriminant function analysis, t-test and one-way -variable analysis. The results were as follows : Acute and chronic schizophrenics were higher than normal persons on psychoticism score. However, there was no significant difference between chronic and acute schizophrenics on the psychoticism score. Discriminant analysis was adopted to identify the scales in EPQ that were most effective in discriminating between normals and schizophrenics. Psychoticism of EPQ function was the most effective variable that discriminates between the normals and the schizophrenics.

A study of anxiety scale applied to patients with anxiety disorder.: Jung Hoon Lee, Byung Tak Park; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1992;9(1):156-166. Published online June 30, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1992.9.1.156

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The authors studied anxiety, using Zung's self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), in the subjects of 127 male and 38 female patients with anxiety disorder. The authors investigated 165 patients in Yeungnam university hospital from January, 1987 to June, 1991. In order to analyze the data on anxiety scores Pearson's product moment coefficient correlation method and factor analysis were carried out by SPSS/PC+ program. The results were as follows: There was significant difference in the mean averages of total anxiety scores among patients with anxiety disorder and male and female college freshmen: patients with anxiety disorder scored 42.40±7.74, male students scored 32.91±5.70, female students scored 34.48±6.00. The anxiety scores relating to the items of body aches & pains, fatigue, anxiousness, panic and urinary frequency were relatively high in patients with anxiety disorder. The anxiety scores on the items of restlessness, apprehension, dyspnea, sweating, and insomnia were relatively low in patients with anxiety disorder. Twenty-nine anxiety disorder group (17.5%) showed significantly high anxiety scores of 50 or over. The inter-rater reliability of Zung's self-rating anxiety scale was 0.71.

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Impact of Quality of Communication With Clinicians on Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Life Among Korean Family Caregivers in End-of-Life Care Settings
Min Young Jung, Alicia Matthews, Chang Park, Colleen Corte, Geraldine Gorman, Sujeong Kim
American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine®.2022; 39(10): 1137. CrossRef
Reliability and Validity of Korean Geriatric Anxiety Inventory(K-GAI)
Jiyun Kim, Myung Sook Park, Doo Nam Oh
Journal of muscle and joint health.2014; 21(1): 75. CrossRef

A Study on Discriminant Function of KWIS Subscales in Schizophrenic Patients.: Jung Hoon Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1990;7(2):89-96. Published online December 31, 1990; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1990.7.2.89

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this article was to determine the discriminant function analysis of the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale (KWIS) for 110 normal controls and 98 schizophrenics. Of special interest was to verify the clinical discriminant power of two subtests of the KWIS (Vocabulary and Digit Symbols) and Zung's Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Four major hypotheses were postulated. The normal control group would show higher scores then the schizophrenics; mean scores on both Vocabulary and Digit Symbol. The mean difference in Digit Symbol between the two groups would be greater than that in the Vocabulary. There would be no significant relation among Digit Symbol, Vocabulary, and Anxiety. The most powerful discriminant power would be expected from subtest of Digit Symbol. The mean discriminant scores were 1.34425 for the control subjects, 1.34425 for the schizophrenics. The correctly discriminated percentage was 89.1% for the control subjects, 90.8% for the schizophrenics. From the findings it was concluded that both Digit Symbol and Vocabulary scales had strong diagnostic value but the former was more powerful than the latter. However, the Anxiety scales had less diagnostic value.

A Study of Depression Observed Among The Eledrly Residing in Home For The Aged In Korea.: Byung Tak Park, Jong Bum Lee, Jung Hoon Lee, Seung Douk Cheung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1990;7(2):79-87. Published online December 31, 1990; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1990.7.2.79

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Abstract PDF: Using Zung's self-rating depression scale, the authors studied depression in 310 elderlies residing in the 9 home for the aged (HFA) in Kyungbuk area, and 234 elderlies living in Taegu city and 107 elderlies attending a Life-long education program in Taegu, which serve as a control group, Community resident elderlies (CRE). The research had been administered during the period from June to August, 1986. The results were as follows: 1. The mean scores of male, female, and the total of the elderlies in HFA were 38.95±11.55, 44.18±14.15, and 42.8±13.7 respectively while CRE marked 40.8±11.3 for male, 45.2±12.0 for female, and 43.4±11.9 for the total. Therefore there were significant differences between male and female in both groups (<0.01, p<0.001), though no significant difference between the two groups. However, the depression score of elderlies in HFA might be much higher than that of CRE if 81 elderlies (14.2%) in HFA who had been left out of the statistical evaluation due to their having severe depression, organic brain syndrome, or pseudoementia, etc had been included. 2. The score distribution by items for the elderlies in HFA were from highest scores hopelessness, worthlessness, emptiness, decreased appetite, confusion, while for CRE, hopelessness, decreased appetite, psychomotor retardation, indecisiveness, and worthlessness, Elderlies in HFA showed significantly high scores in depressed mood, weight loss, suicidal rumination (ideation) and psychomotor excitement, while CRE showed significantly high scores in decreased appetite, psychomotor retardation, indecisiveness, and dissatisfaction. 3. Elderlies who scored over 50 numbered 10 males (16%), 57 females (34%), and total of 67 (29%) in HFA and 28 male (21%), 77 females (37%), and total of 105 (31%) in CRE: female showed higher seores in both groups. 4. Psychococial factors such as getting older (respectively p<0.01, p<0.01), being Buddhist (respectively p<0.01, p<0.01), and monthly pocket money less than ₩30,000 (respectively p<0.001, p<0.001) were found to have a noticeable impact on the depression level of the elderlies in both groups. Factors such as illiteracy (p<0.001), monthly pocket money less than ₩10,000 (p<0.05), and having no family (p<0.01) recorded significantly higher scores among CRE than the elderlies in HFA.

Effect of the Early Traumatic Experience on the Mental Health of the Elderly.: Kwang Hun Lee, Jung Hoon Lee, Jong Bum Lee, Byung Tak Park, Seung Douk Cheung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1990;7(2):67-77. Published online December 31, 1990; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1990.7.2.67

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Abstract PDF: This study was intended to analyze the relation between the psychic traumatic experience and the psychological health of the aged. The authors carried out this study by means of the combined anxiety-depression scale (CADS) and the preadolescence traumatic experience scale (PTES) with 278 aged men and women residing in Taegu from September to October 1988. The results were as follows: 1. Based on the scores evaluated by CADS, the scores of the both groups showed that comparative group was accounted for 40.15±6.19, while the experimental group for 57.75±6.37, which showed significantly higher score in the experimental group (p<0.001). 2. The experimental group showed significantly higher early experience score than the comparative group in the dietary difficulty, alcoholism among family members, disunion between husband and wife, trouble between mother and children, early mother loss, parent's indifference and unwanted birth (p<0.001). 3. The experimental group showed higher early experience score than the comparative group by sex, age, marital status and grown location (p<0.001). 4. When the subjects were included in the unemployed and in the middle or low classes and their parents were engaged in agriculture and commercial business and believing in buddhism or no-religion, showed higher experience score (p<0.001).

A study on the attitude toward dying and hospice.: Young Uck Kim, Jung Hoon Lee, Jong Bum Lee, Byung Tak Park, Seung Duk Cheung, Myung Se Kim, Hoo Ja Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1990;7(2):55-66. Published online December 31, 1990; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1990.7.2.55

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This research is focused on the attitudes toward dying and hospice. 4subjects groups are Ca. patient, Ca. patient's family, elderly, medical personnel. A 40 questionnaire was filled out by each participant. For this study chi-square and T-test was done. The results were as follows: 1. Telling the truth 61.2% of all subject groups agreed upon telling the impending death. About 40% of elderly group and cancer patient group were disagreed which is the highest percentage in all groups. Particularly medical personnel group were remarkably high in telling the truth. 2. Attitudes of medical personnels 43.3% of all groups agreed upon medical personnels prefer to avoid dying patient. In medical personnel group. 44% of respondents disagreed comparably higher than other group, But 37.3% of medical personnel agreed. It showed that medical personnels admitted their negative feelings toward dying patient in considerable degree. 3. Attitudes toward mechanical assistance for life-expanding or hopeless patient. 44.8% of all groups disagreed upon mechanical assistance for hopeless case. Elderly (54.9%) and medical personnels (50%) disagreed, which is higher than cancer patient (33.3%) and (22.8%) of cancer patient's family. 4. Special facility and educational preparation for dying patient. 67.4% of all groups agreed upon the needs of special facility for dying, 81.3% of medical personnels agreed which is highest percentage in all group. 5. Attitudes of family members of dying patient. 82.3% of all groups agreed upon the family members feel annoyed at dying patient. 34% of cancer patient's family member and 48% of cancer patients group agreed, but elderly group showed highest percentage (84%). 6. Perception of dying patient about imminent death. 58.3% of all group thought dying patients are aware of their impending death even though they had not been told. 77.3% of medical personnel agreed which is highest percentage in all group.

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Effects of Death Preparation Education on Awareness of Hospice Palliative Care and Withdrawing Life Sustaining Treatment in City Dwellers
Pei-Ling Tsung, Yoon Joo Lee, Su Yeon Kim, Seul Ki Kim, Si Ae Kim, Hyeon Ji Kim, Yi Nam, Suk Young Ham, Kyung Ah Kang
The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2015; 18(3): 227. CrossRef

A Study on MMPI in College Freshmen.: Jung Hoon Lee, Byung Tak Park, Jong Bum Lee, Seung Douk Cheung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1988;5(2):141-150. Published online December 31, 1988; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1988.5.2.141

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The authors studied the mental health status of the 1989 freshmen of Yeungnam University using the psychotic scale of Derogatis SCL0-90, Zung anxiety and depression scale and MMPI from January 1988 to February 1988. The subjects of this study were contained 3792 students (1206 female, 2586 male). 392 students (10.3%), out of all respondents were screened to fall on high score ranges. The authors performed a second test to 156(39.8% 47 female (30.1%), 109 male (69.9%) of the high-scored in order to clarify their mental health status and analyze various psychosocial factors; using MMPI. The MMPI results were categorized with Lachar's classification. The results were as follows: 1. By the MMPI scores, 24 respondents (15.4%) had neurotic trends, 20 (12.8%) had psychotic trends and 7 (4.5%) had trends of behavior disorder. It was about 1.4% of all 3792 freshmen. 2. On the close examination of the MMPI, 8 respondents were diagnosed for affect disorder, 6 for anxiety disorder, 9 for schizophrenia and 3 for personality disorder. It was 0.7% of all freshmen. 3. One the analysis of the psychosocial factors, the schizophrenic scores were high in the case of unsatisfy in family atmosphere, unsatisfy in marital intimacy of parents, serious in conflicts between father and I, and serious in conflicts between mother and I. 4. The hypochondriacal scores were high in the case of weak in physical condition, having hospitalization experience and physical illness.

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The relationship between stress and life satisfaction of Korean University students: mediational effects of positive affect and self-compassion
Hyojin Cho, Sung-Kyung Yoo, Chan Jeong Park
Asia Pacific Education Review.2021; 22(3): 385. CrossRef

A Study on Obsessin & Lie in College Freshmen.: Jin Sung Kim, Byung Tak Park, Jong Bum Lee, Jung Hoon Lee, Seung Douck Cheung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1988;5(1):111-125. Published online June 30, 1988; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1988.5.1.111

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Abstract PDF: The authors studied obsession, using Derogatis'SCL-90, and lie tendency using MMPI, in the subjects of 2586 male and 1206 female college freshmen of Yeungnam University. The authors collected the reports of self-rating Obsession scale and Lie scale during the periods from January to February, 1988, and applied ANOVA and t-test on obsession and lie scores in order to compare than between various psychosocial factor, and sexes. The results as follows: 1. There was not significant difference in the mean average of total obsession scores between male and female students: male students scored 10.26±5.21 m female students scored 10.54±5.01. 2. High scored items were doubting, indecisiveness, inattention, obsessive thoughts and preoccupation with accuracy. 3. 37 male students (1.4%) showed high obsession scores of 25 or higher, while 9 female students (0.7%) showed the same scores. 4. There was strong tendency toward higher obsession scores in the students who were dissatisfied with their home atmosphere, college, department and familiarity of parents and those who had pessimistic view of self in the past, present of future in both group (respectively P<0.001). The male students who attended the department of fine arts, who grew at the Up& Whose educational fees were paid by brothers & sisters showed higher level of obsession scores (respectively P<0.05, P<0.05, P<0.01). The female students who grew at the Myun & who were self-cook showed higher level of obsession scores (respectively P<0.05). 5. There was not significant difference in the mean averages of total lie scores between male and female students: male students scored 4.73±2.49, female students scored 4.70±2.16. 6. High scored items were NO. 14, 8, 11, 9 and 1 in the table 6. 7. 98 male students (3.7%) showed high lie scores of 70 or high, while 27 female students (2.2%) showed the same scores. 8. There was strong tendency toward higher lie scores in the students who were satisfied with their home atmosphere, college, department and familiarity of parents and those who had optimistic view of self in the past, present or future in both group(respectively P<0.001). The students who attended the department of pharmacy, music, evening programs showed higher level of lie scores (P<0.05).

A Study on Paranoid Ideation & Obsession in College Freshmen.: Byung Tak Park, Jin Sung Kim, Jong Bum Lee, Jung Hoon Lee, Seung Deuk Cheung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1987;4(2):39-50. Published online December 31, 1987; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1987.4.2.39

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Abstract PDF: The authors studied paranoid ideation and obsession, using Derogatis' SCL-90, in the subjects of 2,564 male and 1,252 female college freshmen of Yeungnam University. The authors collected the reports of Self-Rating Paranoid ideation and Obsession Scale during the periods from January to February, 1987, and applied ANOVA and t-test on paranoid ideation and obsession scores in order to compare them between various psychosocial factors, and sexes. The results are as follows: 1. There was not significant difference in the mean averages of total paranoid ideation scores between male and female students: male students scored 4.16±3.09, female students scored 4.16±2.91. 2. High scored items were delusion and suspiciousness. 3. Fifty-nine male students (2.3%) showed high paranoid ideation scores of 12 or higher, while twenty-six female students (2.1%) showed the same scores. 4. There was strong tendency toward higher paranoid ideation scores in the students who were dissatisfied with their home atmosphere, college, department and familiarity of parents and those who had pessimistic view of self in the past, present or future in both group (respectively P<0.001). The male students who believed protestantism showed higher level of paranoid ideation scores (P<0.01). The male students who attended the department of fine art showed higher level of paranoid ideation scores (P<0.05). 5. There was significant difference in the mean averages of total obsession scores between male and female students (P<0.05): male students scored 10.40±5.43, female students scored 10.75±5.02 6. High scored items were perfectionism, indecisiveness, inattention & obsessive thoughts. 7. Thirty-eight male students (1.6%) showed high obsession scores of 25 or higher, while fifteen female students (1.2%) showed the same scores. 8. There was strong tendency toward higher obsession scores in the students who were dissatisfied with their home atmosphere, college, department and familiarity of parents and those who had pessimistic view of self in the past, present, or future in both group (respectively P<0.001). The female students who attended the department of home economic & whose educational fees were paid by her brothers & sister, showed higher level of obsession scores (respectively P<0.01).

A Study on Anxiety-Depression in College Freshmen.: Jong Bum Lee, Chang Su Kim, Hyung Bae Park, Byung Tak Park, Jung Hoon Lee, Seung Deuk Cheung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1987;4(2):29-38. Published online December 31, 1987; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1987.4.2.29

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Abstract PDF: The authors studied anxiety-depression using New Anxiety-Depression Scale (NADS) in the subjects of 2,564 male and 1,252 female college freshmen of Yeungnam University. The authors collected the reports of NADS during the periods from January to February 1987, and applied ANOVA and t-test on anxiety depression scores in order to compare them between various psychosocial factors and sexes. The results are as follows: There was significant difference in the mean average of total scores between male and female students: male students scored 33.41±8.76 and female students scored 35.34±9.02 (P<0.001). The anxiety-depression scores relating to the items of sleep disturbance, apprehension, facial flushing and fatigue were relatively scored higher in both groups. One hundred and thirty nine male students (5.4%) showed seriously higher degree of anxiety-depression scores of 50 or more, while eighty eight female students (7.0%) showed the same scores. There was a strong tendency toward higher anxiety-depression scores in the students who were dissatisfied with their home atmosphere, colleges, departments, familiarity of parents and those who had pessimistic views of self image in the past, presents and future in both groups (P<0.001).

A Study on Anxiety-Depression in College Freshmen.: Hyung Bae Park, Jin Sung Kim, Chang Su Kim, Byung Tak Park, Jong Bum Lee, Jung Hoon Lee, Seung Deuk Cheung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1987;4(1):105-121. Published online August 31, 1987; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1987.4.1.105

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Abstract PDF: The authors studied anxiety-depression using New Anxiety-Depression Scale (NADS), in the subjects of 3,499male and 1,335 female college freshmen of Yeungnam University. The authors collected the reports of NADS during the periods from January to February, 1986, and applied ANOVA and t-test on anxiety-depression scores in order to compare them between various psychosocial factors, and sexes. The results are as follows: There was significant difference in the mean averages of total scores between male and female students: male students scored 31.49±6.57 female students scored 33.37±6.84 (p<0.001) The anxiety-depression scores relating to the items of sleep disturbance, apprehension, decreased libido, and fatigue were relatively higher in both groups. Ninety-nine male students (2.8%) showed seriously high degree anxiety-depression scores of 50 or higher, while forty female students (3.0%) showed the same scores. There was a strong tendency toward higher anxiety-depression scores in the students who were dissatisfied with their home atmosphere, colleges, departments and familiarity of parents, and those who had pessimistic views of self image in the past, present, or future in both groups (p<0.001). The students whose maturation locations were below city level, showed higher level of anxiety-depression scores in both groups (p<0.05). NADS and SAS, SDS, and Leeds scale were correlated significantly in 0.64, 0.61, and 0.77 of correlation coefficient.

A Study on Depression in the Elderly at the Home for the Aged.: Byung Tak Park, Jin Sung Kim, Hyung Bae Park, Bok Soon Kwon, Jung Hoon Lee, Jong Bum Lee, Seung Douk Cheung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1986;3(1):121-130. Published online December 31, 1986; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1986.3.1.121

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Abstract PDF: The authors studied depression, using Zung's self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), in the subjects of 65 males and 231 females at the homes for the aged in Taegu and Kyong-buk areas. The authors collected the date of SDS during the period from June to August, 1986, and applied ANOVA and t-test on the depression scores in order to compare them between various psychosocial factors and sexes. The results could be summarized as follow: There was significantly difference in the mean average of total depression scores between the two groups: elderly males scored 38.80±11.92, elderly females scored 43.21±14.33 (p<0.05). The depression scores in the items of hopelessness, personal devaluation, weight loss, emptiness and confusion were relatively higher than the scores in the other items in both groups. Nine elderly males (16%) showed seriously high depression scores of 50 and over, while fourth-seven elderly females (33%) showed the same scores. Among these psychosocial factors, age, birth place, and growing place are significantly related to higher depression scores in both groups.

A Study on Psychoticism in College Students.: Hye Soo Suh, Jung Hoon Lee, Sung Douk Cheung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1985;2(1):149-159. Published online December 31, 1985; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1985.2.1.149

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Abstract PDF: The authors studied Psychoticism, using SCL-90, in the subjects of 3,893 male college students and 1,976 female college students of Yeung Nam University, collecting data during the periods from October to November, 1984. The results could be summarized as follows: 1. There was significant difference in the mean averages of total psychoticism scores between male and female students; male students scored 6.81±5.13 female students scored 8.14±5.05. 2. Eighty eight male students (2.4%) showed seriously high psychoticism scores of 20 or higher, while 63 female students (3.2%) showed the same scores. 3. In a comparison between male students in different school grades, freshmen showed the highest level of psychoticism scores, and as the grades of students became higher, the levels of psychoticism scores were lower. 4. Among the psychoticism factors, there were strong tendencies toward higher psychoticism scores in the students who were dissatisfied with their college, and had pessimistic views of self-image in the past, present or future, in both groups. 5. The male students whose educational fees were paid by their parents, and whose spending money per month was under 10,000 won, showed higher level of psychoticism scores. 6. The female students whose maturation locations were city, who were dissatisfied with their departments, who resided in dormitory of other residencies, and whose educational fees were paid by their brothers or sisters, showed higher level of psychoticism scores. 7. The items relating to 5 (Feeling lonely with people) 9 (Never feeling close to another) 10 (Idea something writh mind) in psychoticism and the item of depressed affect in SDS were significantly correlated over 0.40 of correlation coefficient.

A Study on Neuroticism in College Students.: Jung Hoon Lee, Hyeong Bae Park, Sung Douk Cheung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1985;2(1):135-145. Published online December 31, 1985; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1985.2.1.135

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Abstract PDF: The authors studied neuroticism, using Eysenck's Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI), in 3,893 male college students and 1,976 female college students of Yeungnam University. There was significant difference in the mean averages of total neuroticism scores between male and female students, male students scored 13.45±.44, female students scored 16.89±7.19. The items relating to (16) Do you sometimes feel happy, sometimes depressed, without any apparent reason? (38) Do you daydream a lot? (1) Do you have dizzy turns? (2) Do you get palpitations or thumping in your heart? And (35) Do you worry about your health? were scored highly in male, and the items relating to (16) Do you sometimes feel happy, sometimes depressed, without any apparent reason? (1) Do you have dizzy turns? (38) Do you daydream a lot? (8) Do you worry too long over humiliating experiences? (9) Do you consider yourself rather a nervous person? Were scored highly in female. Three hundreds and ninety eight male students (10.3%) showed seriously high neuroticism scores of 24 or higher, while 256 female student (13.0%) showed high neuroticism scores of 26 or higher. In a comparison between male students in different school grades, freshman showed the highest level of neuroticism scores. Among the psychosocial factors, there were strong tendencies toward higher neuroticism scores in the students who were dissatisfied with their colleges or departments, and who had pessimistic views of self-image in the past, present, or future in both groups. The male students whose educational fees were paid by their parents, and whose spending money per month was under 10,000 won, showed higher neuroticism scores. The female students whose educational fees were paid by their brothers or sisters, and whose maturation locations were U-P, and who resided in dormitory or other residencies, shoed higher neuroticism scores.

Evaluation of the Mental Health Status of the Aged by Zung's Self-rating Anxiety Scale.: Jung Hoon Lee, Byung Tak Park, Seung Douk Cheung, Pock Soo Kang, Jong Hak Chung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1984;1(1):121-128. Published online December 31, 1984; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1984.1.1.121

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Abstract PDF: The authors studied on anxiety, using Zung's self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), on the subjects of 329 men and 522 women of 60 years old and older. This study was carried out for 8 months from November 1983 to June 1984 in the area of Seoul, Taegu and Kyungsan Gun, Kungpook province. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the means of total anxiety scores between the two groups of men and women. The anxiety scores in items of sweating, apprehension, dyspnea, restlessness and insomnia were relatively high in both groups. The scores of faintness, panic, fear, tremor and facial flushing were low in both groups. Among 329 men, 48 (14.6%) showed rather serious anxiety level of score 50 or higher, while 153 of 522 women (29.4%) showed the same score. Among these psychosocial factors, supporter, living, place, religion and security system are significantly related with anxiety scores in both groups (p<0.01).

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